The principles that allowed the transmission of hadith/sunna, which have been usually defined in the Islamic scholarly tradition as the sayings and actions of the Prophet (pbuh), have been introduced within the science of the Methodology of Hadith, and the transmission of hadiths to the following generations has continued by renewing itself in every period.

The two concepts, examined in this book, i.e. the concept of ‘illa, which means subtle defects, and the concept of shadh, meaning the hadiths which have contradictions with commonly known hadiths even though they are transmitted by trustworthy transmitters, occupy an important place among the above-mentioned principles. The fact that the concepts of ‘illa and shadh are considered to be primary yardsticks by which authenticity of the hadiths are determined made both concepts to be most signifi cant subjects of the Methodology of Hadith. In short, this study deals with the influence of the concepts of ‘illa and shadh, which, in principle, emerged due to transmission process of hadiths, upon the authenticity of hadiths. It also examines the development, usage, and projection of these two concepts on the science of Hadith and therefore on Islamic Law, the two sciences worthy of analysis in this regard thanks to their importance.

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