Philosophy, which had almost lost its vitality in the ancient civilization basins at the beginning of the 7^th century, came to life again thanks to the translation movement that started in Baghdad about one hundred and fifty years later and enabled the transfer of the philosophical accumulation formed in the Hellenistic world into Arabic. The translated works were re-addressed by Muslims in line with the different intellectual interests and needs of the multi-religious, multi-ethnic and multi-cultural Islamic civilization in progress of being built. This brought about Islamic philosophy, one of the most unique philosophical traditions in the history of world philosophy, to the stage of history.

Aiming to bring together the academic accumulation that has reached a serious level in the field of Islamic philosophy in Turkey, this book examines the classical period of Islamic philosophy (8^th – 12^th centuries) from historical and problematic perspectives. In the historical chapters of the book, eleven prominent philosophers of the classical period and four great thinkers who directed the post-classical period are discussed; In the thematic sections, the basic fields of philosophy (logic, psychology/epistemology, metaphysics, ethics and politics), the literature and problems transferred to Islamic philosophy and the approaches of Muslim philosophers to these disciplines are examined in detail.

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